Educational

PetaPixel's editorials are in-depth stories, thought-pieces, and opinions on the photography industry led by the minds of our editorial team.

How DSLR Phase Detection Autofocus Works

Most photographers rely heavily on the capabilities of autofocus systems in DSLR cameras, but knowing how they actually work is something that even experienced photographers may not have learned. Here's a 4-minute video by ZY Productions that helps decode the mystery of DSLR autofocus by explaining the technical details behind it.

How Portrait Mode Works and How It Compares to an $8,000 Camera

Dual cameras have become ubiquitous in the smartphone world, and with them has emerged a new technique for simulating a shallow depth of field -- the feature commonly called ‘Portrait Mode’. This 10-minute video from Marques Brownlee explains how it works, and it also pits Portrait Mode on an iPhone X, Note 8, and Pixel 2 against the $8,000 medium format camera Hasselblad X1D.

This is How One Photographer Dodges and Burns His Photos

Photographer and visual artist Antti Karppinen dodges and burns his photos using a single 50% natural gray layer in Overlay blending mode. By sharing these gray "dodge and burn layers" separately, Karppinen can easily show exactly what he did to each of his photos.

A Teardown of the New Sony a7R III

Our pre-ordered Sony a7R III finally arrived this weekend, and we couldn’t wait to crack it open and see what’s inside. The a7R III has been receiving a lot of positive reviews and I can see why.

The Power of RAW on the iPhone

I take a lot of photos. Usually, I pack either a Sony a7R II or a Leica M -- two cameras with massive sensors and brilliant lenses. But lately, I’ve been shooting exclusively with the iPhone X, and have found it absolutely excellent.

This is How RED Cameras Are Made

Want to see how RED makes its popular digital cameras that carry price tags of tens of thousands of dollars? The company released this 3-minute video that offers a behind-the-scenes look at its manufacturing and production facilities.

The Art vs. The Craft of Photography

As creatives, we all go through a very similar journey when it comes to improving our skill. Though details of the turbulent ride vary for everyone, it always boils down to two things; the how, and the why.

Revisiting ‘The Americans’, Robert Frank’s Influential Photo Book

In this post, we're going to revisit The Americans by Robert Frank. This influential photography book, first published in France in 1958, appears highly relevant today with the United States divided in so many ways. However, the odds are that these honest, and often sad images, have always been relevant.

Surprise! Holding a Camera to Your Face is Not Good in a Car Crash

Who would've guessed it? Holding a camera up to your face during a car crash can be quite hazardous to your health. New research by the University of Southern California and the International Cinematographer Guild has shed new light on the dangers posed by cameras in "free driving" situations.

Why Leveling the Horizon in Photos Isn’t Easy

It might seem like one of the simplest parts of photography: leveling your horizon. Most photographers want their horizons to be straight, of course, but this isn’t an area of photography that gets too much attention. And why would it? Leveling the horizon is a very easy task — right? In practice, though, it requires more care than many people think.

How Ultra High Speed Cameras Shoot Up to 25,000,000 FPS

Tracking and panning a camera in time with a tank shell seems impossible given that the shell travels at over 1,500 meters per second. Yet, somehow, there are videos showing just that floating around the Internet. Here's a 7-minute video from Curious Droid that lifts the veil of mystery on ultra high-speed cameras and explains how they work.

I Photographed the ISS Crossing the Full Moon at 17,500mph

This image was taken on November 4th, 2017 at 4:19 am in Titusville, Florida. It shows the International Space Station (with a crew of six currently onboard) transiting the full “Beaver Moon.” As the ISS orbits Earth at 17,500mph, or roughly five miles per second, the transit lasted just 0.90 seconds.

Trump’s Official Portrait and the Language of Lighting

Nine months after taking office, the White House has finally released official portraits of both President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence. Last month, the Washington Post did a story highlighting the empty walls of some 9,600 federal buildings, all waiting for for an official portrait of the new POTUS.

PSA: Scrub Geotag Data from Photos of Wildlife to Keep Poachers Away

In the modern age of photography, there are more and more cameras that embed GPS data into photos, something casual users may not even be aware of -- this is particularly true of smartphone cameras. And here's something you should be aware of: unwittingly sharing GPS data in photos of sensitive wildlife can directly lead to its death at the hands of poachers.

How Instagram’s Photo Filters Are Used by Top Users

My name is Stefan, and I'm the CTO of the marketing firm Relatable. To facilitate execution of global, large-scale influencer marketing campaigns, we rely a lot on data to give us insights. Using a sample of about 2 million Instagram accounts (with a minimum of 1,000 followers) and 40 million posts, I’ve been digging deep, compiling statistics, finding insights, and just discovering some quirky facts. In this article, I'll share some of my findings.

The Eerie Victorian Era Trend of Family Death Portraits

In the 1850s, photography became much more affordable and accessible for consumers. This sparked a trend in the Victorian era of postmortem photography, where dead loves ones featured among the pages of family albums. Here's a 2-minute video by the HISTORY channel about this creepy fad.

Why You Should Look Into Shooting with Vintage Lenses

Vintage lenses seem to be increasingly popular nowadays, and not just in the hipster crowds. In this 5-minute video, photographer Mark Holtze looks at why some people are picking up (and dusting off) old vintage lenses instead of their more modern equivalents.

This is How You Replace the Shutter in a DSLR

Want to see how the shutter system in a modern DSLR is replaced once it fails? The South African camera repair company Photographic Repairs shared this time-lapse of a shutter replacement surgery involving a Canon 6D.

Why the Brush Tool Has a Weird Purple Line in Photoshop CC 2018

If you've started using Photoshop CC 2018, you may have noticed a strange purple line following your brush around as you're using it now. That line is called a "brush leash," and here's a helpful 6-minute video by retoucher Pratik Naik about what that purple line is and how you can use and customize it.

The Role of the Slit-Scan Image in Science and Art

The use of slit-scan photography is actually quite old. It is often called line-scan, photo finish, or streak photography. Slit-scan photography has a rich and colorful history rooted in chemical analog photography. This technique is often used to visualize high-speed events such as missiles and bullets, although it is probably best known as photo finish photography used to determine the outcome of races.

Why Photos of the Eiffel Tower at Night are Illegal

You can almost never find videos or photos of the Eiffel Tower at night on stock sites. Why is this? Because the Eiffel Tower is copyrighted when those lights are twinkling in the night sky. This 4-minute video from Half as Interesting explains why.

The Truth About DxOMark Camera Ratings

DxOMark's camera ratings are becoming more and more influential in the camera and smartphone industries. But how exactly do the scores work? Here's an 11-minute video in which tech personality Marques Brownlee (AKA MKBHD) shares "the truth about DxOMark smartphone ratings."

I Had My Broken Sony Camera Fixed on the Cheap in Thailand

Travelers like to visit Thailand for cheap foods, medical procedures, and... other less wholesome reasons. One thing people often overlook, however, is the repair services. In Thailand, you can almost always repair any gadget for a very reasonable price. This especially applies to Sony cameras that are made in Thailand. In this post, I’ll explain the process so that you can repair your gadgets and bring them back to life.

These Iconic Photos Owned by MoMA Are Getting Put Up for Sale

The Museum of Modern Art is planning to sell over 400 photos from its impressive collection, including early prints of some of the most famous photos by legendary photographers. The 3-minute video above is a look at a few of the works that you can soon own if you have sufficiently deep pockets.

Photographers, Beware These Fake Gig Scam Emails

Some of you are familiar with the “Family Reunion” scam email that floated around a couple of years ago. Well, I recently received an email and after some digging, I wasn’t the only one to have received it. Many other photographers have received this same new email.

The Nikon Cameras Used by NASA

I recently attended Nikon's first-ever Fan Meeting event in Japan and one of the interesting things I was able to see and learn there was Nikon's history of equipment being used by NASA in space.

The Expanding Universe of Crowdfunded Photo Gear

I confess: I’m a photo gear junkie. I’ve bought dozens of cameras and lenses, way too many tripods, camera bags and backpacks, and many thousands of dollars’ worth of filters, flash units, and other accessories. I’ve tempered my obsession over the last few years, mostly because there's only so much room to store these things, but from the flood of new products hitting the market recently I'd say I slowed down just in time.

What Kodak Said About Digital Photography in 1975

In 1975, a 24-year-old engineer named Steven Sasson invented digital photography while working at Eastman Kodak by creating the world's first digital camera. Kodak wasn't exactly enthusiastic about the industry-changing breakthrough.