Educational

PetaPixel's editorials are in-depth stories, thought-pieces, and opinions on the photography industry led by the minds of our editorial team.

How to Find the Best ISO for Astrophotography: Dynamic Range and Noise

ISO is one of the three major exposure settings in the exposure triangle of a digital camera -- shutter time, f/number, and ISO. Of the three, it is ISO that is probably most misunderstood. Even more so than f/number. In fact, it is a common misconception that higher ISO settings will cause images to be noisier. In fact, the opposite is often true. Wait, what?

What a Failed DSLR Shutter Looks Like After 100,000+ Photos

Just as how cars can fail after a certain number of miles, camera shutters can go belly up after a certain number of actuations (i.e. flapping open and closed for an exposure). If you've ever wondered what a heavily used DSLR shutter can look like after it bites the dust, today's your lucky day.

18 Frequently Asked Questions About the Business of Photography

Tim Tadder is a wildly successful commercial photographer in a time when the term "wildly successful photographer" sounds like an oxymoron. So RGG EDU went to Tim's house and asked him 18 questions about the photo industry, which Tim answered while playing some leisurely putt putt in his backyard.

An Introduction to Abstract Photography

Abstract photography seems to be an elusive subject, hard to nail down to a single definition. This may be due to the abstract nature of the idea of “abstraction” and perpetuating misconceptions about abstract photography.

How Sony Mirrorless Cameras Are Made

Want to see what goes on inside Sony's main factory for digital cameras and lenses? Here's a 4-minute video that shows how the Sony a7R II is assembled, tested, and boxed up at the Sony Digital Imaging factory in Chunburi, Thailand.

This is the Power of Sigma’s $60 Lens Dock for Fixing Focus

Sigma's Art series of lenses are already praised for their image quality and sharpness, but you can hone that sharpness even more by adjusting the focus of your lens using Sigma's USB Dock. Photographer Kyle Kozinski recently discovered just how much of a difference it can make.

The Challenge of Shooting with High-Speed Cameras

In the 16-minute video above, Gavin Free of the The Slow Mo Guys answers a question he often receives: “Is using a high-speed camera similar to using a normal camera?” The answer is “Yes and No”, and we end up looking into the biggest challenges in using high-speed cameras.

Learn Photoshop Tricks in One Minute with Adobe’s ‘Make it Now’ Series

I once read a Quora question that went, “What can I learn in one minute that will be useful for the rest of my life?” I don’t know about the rest of your life, but if you're a photographer, head over to the Adobe Creative Cloud YouTube channel and check out their 'Make It Now' one-minute video tutorials on designing (not retouching) with Photoshop CC.

What It’s Like to be a Colorblind Photographer

I am colorblind. And I am a photographer. In my particular case, and in the majority of those that are "color challenged", being colorblind doesn't actually mean we cannot see colors. Or at least, without borrowing your eyes and brain for a while and comparing what we see, I don't believe this to be the case.

Saturn’s Moon Pan Looks Like a Ravioli in New NASA Photos

NASA has just released new raw photos of Saturn's tiny moon Pan, captured on March 7th, 2017, by the Cassini space probe from about 15,000 miles away (~24,500km). The photos reveal a bizarre-looking moon -- one that looks like a giant ravioli floating in space (or a dumpling or walnut or "paper mache mini-planet").

8 Ways the New Canon 77D is Different from the 80D

Canon made an unusual move in 2017 by announcing the Canon 77D as the first camera in a new line that fits between the 80D and the 800D (AKA the Rebel T7i). If you're scratching your head about what makes the 77D different, check out the 4.5-minute video above by ZY Productions about 8 differences between the 77D and 80D.

4 Cool and Unusual Used Cameras Found in Tokyo

Japanese camera manufacturers dominate the digital photography landscape, so it might come as a surprise that the used film camera market is also thriving in Tokyo.

This is the Camera Tech Used to Film Animals in Pitch Dark for Planet Earth II

Wildlife photography and videography is more incredible today than ever before, thanks in large part to the last decade's amazing leaps in camera technology. This behind the scenes look at the cameras used by the BBC to shoot Planet Earth II shows you how advances in camera tech have allowed us to see the creatures of the night in ways never before thought possible.

Sony 85mm GM vs Sigma 85mm ART: Real World Comparison

Another day, another lens comparison takes on Sigma's "king of portrait lenses," the 85mm f/1.4 Art. This time, our friend Usman from Sonder Creative tested the Sigma 85mm against Sony's well-liked 85mm f/1.4 GM out in the real world to see which of the two 85s he preferred.

X-Trans vs Bayer Sensors: Fantastic Claims and How to Test Them

Since the introduction of the Fujifilm X-Series line of cameras, reviewers and consumers have struggled to compare them directly to the competition. Fujifilm’s is a tightly integrated system, wherein everything is a little bit different.

The LG G6’s Wallpaper is Actually a Photo

The new LG G6 smartphone ships with an artsy wallpaper that looks like a stylized number 6. A neat fact about the image is that it's not a computer rendered artwork: it took two months to create and shoot the photos.

Pixar Teaches You How Cameras Work in This Free Online Class

Khan Academy recently teamed up with the team at Pixar to create a free online course for people who are interested in seeing how Pixar artists "do their jobs." But lest you think there's nothing there for photographers, think again. One of the classes in this course will definitely appeal to still shooters.

This Photo Has No Red Pixels: A Fascinating Optical Illusion

I initially refused to believe it when this photo came across my feed. My eyes aren't broken! I can see they're strawberries, and they're definitely red. They have to be trolling us with this image, right?

How the Tone Curve REALLY Works, and 5 Ways Adobe Could Improve It

The tone curve is one of the most powerful tools in photo editing, allowing you to change multiple values and essentially doing the job of several different adjustment layers. But it's also complicated, and hard for beginners to understand. These two videos should help.

Why and How Fuji Cameras Produce a Strange Purple Flare/Grid Artifact

When FujiFilm’s X-Trans III sensor was introduced in the X-Pro2, many users began noticing a strange new artifact in their backlit photographs. Upon further experimentation, it became apparent that the same artifact could also be found in images from cameras using the older X-Trans II sensor.

What is the ‘Orange & Teal Look’ and Why is it So Popular?

Many a blockbuster movie and several popular travel photo/video creators out there use something called the 'Orange and Teal look' when they color grade their work. Today, Parker Walbeck of Fulltime Filmmaker will explain what that look is, why it's used, and how to apply it to your creations.

The State of News Photography in 2016

We now know which cameras top photojournalists around the world are using these days, but what are they saying about the state of their industry? A newly published study uses responses from nearly 2,000 photographers to reveal the current condition of the photojournalism landscape.

How Color Filters Affect B&W Photos

If you're new to film photography, chances are that you'll get into shooting black and white sooner or later because you have been inspired by the masterpieces of old masters. But before you become the next Henri Cartier-Bresson or Sebastião Salgado, there are a few introductory things you should know.

Using Dichroic Materials for Art Photo Shoots

I came across dichroic film years ago while researching materials for an art lighting business, Lightlink Lighting. The color changing properties of this material was so inspiring I ended up creating new lighting designs based on it.

The Story of Oskar Barnack, Inventor of the Original Leica

In the annals of photography, few people have made the kind of impact that Oskar Barnack can claim. While working for Leitz, then a microscope manufacturer, the master entineer and photography enthusiast invented the original Ur-Leica: a camera that would change the world.

Astronaut Captured Blue Lightning on Camera from the ISS

For years, airline pilots have reported seeing unusual lightning phenomenon that we don't get to witness from the ground. Luckily for us, astronauts on the International Space Station have a perfect vantage point, and one of them did capture "blue lightning" while orbiting the Earth.

2 Affordable Films for Photographers on a Budget

It's time to give some long-overdue love to two cheap films in price, but by no means in quality. It can be tempting to go for the expensive films when you're out buying rolls of 35mm, but let's not forget about the bottom of the shelf.

Concert Photography Jobs: How to Make Money by Shooting Music

There are a lot more music photographers than there are music photography jobs — that’s just how it is in this corner of the industry. It's a port of entry for many hobbyist photographers, and the result is saturation of the market. A lot of budding photographers are willing to work for free, making the gigs that are out there even tougher to get.

Imitation vs. Copying in Photography: The Issue of Derivative Works

On Saturday, PetaPixel ran the story of a photographer whose photo had been imitated to a surprisingly thorough degree by a German ad agency. While a poll on that article suggested that a clear majority (~74%) of respondents saw it as unethical plagiarism, I thought I’d dig into the legal aspects a bit.

How Pelican Cases Are Made (and How Durable They Are)

Pelican brand hard cases are a popular choice for photographers who need to safely transport camera and lighting gear from photo shoot to photo shoot. BrandmadeTV made the 6.5-minute video above that offers a behind-the-scenes look at how these durable hard cases are manufactured.

A Crash Course in Low Angle Photo Composition

Camera angle as composition isn't talked about as often as, say, how the elements in your photos are arranged. But changing your camera angle can completely transform the message an image sends, something Ted Forbes explains beautifully in this crash course on low angle photography.

Lighting Tutorial: Basic Single-Light Techniques

Introductions to basic lighting don't get much simpler or better than this. You could call it Lighting 101, and whether that light is coming from a window or an artificial light source, the info here qualifies as "must know basics" for anybody with a camera in hand.

A Comprehensive Color Theory Guide for Photographers

We talk about composition a lot, but have you ever really dived into the subject of color theory and thought about how it applies to your photography? If you haven't, you should... and arguably the best place to start is this incredibly comprehensive demo by landscape photographer Dave Morrow.

This is Why Ultra High ISO is a Big Deal in Photography

Ultra high ISO with lots of noise... There’s a lot of buzz going around about the new Pentax KP with it’s maximum ISO of 819200. Every comment I read says ‘what’s the point’?

Well, here are two benefits: late night framing and focus.